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Last modified by Emily West on 2022/01/12 18:17
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Emily West 1.1 1 = 1.4.2 Carbon Storage and Sequestration in Vegetation - Annual Determination =
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6 |=(% style="width: 237px;" %)Pillar of Sustainable Development|=(% style="width: 646px;" %)Societal challenge
7 |(% style="width:237px" %)Planet|(% style="width:646px" %)1 - Climate Resilience
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11 ====== **Description** ======
Emily West 3.1 12 )))|(% style="width:730px" %)The storing and sequestration of carbon (dioxide) can be quantified and monitored relatively easily, and enable spatial and temporal comparisons of the capacities of different nature-based solutions. The amount of sequestered carbon is directly proportional to biomass growth, for which a sort of biomass functions and equations are available in the fields of forestry and agricultural sciences (McPherson et al. 2016, USDA 2015). The carbon content is around 50% of the amount of biomass. This kind of knowledge is available mainly for trees which can be considered as good indicators of the whole ecosystem’s capacity in areas with lack of data (as they have an outstanding role in carbon sequestration and storage). Natural and management-related mortality of biomass (and life of products if relevant) should be considered to get a total carbon balance of the investigated NBS.
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14 ====== **Scale as linked to D2.2 framework** ======
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16 * City
Emily West 3.1 17 * Neighborhood
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20 ====== **Data source [ link to data framework]** ======
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Emily West 3.1 22 * measurement/monitoring
23 * remote sensing
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26 ====== **Data needs** ======
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Emily West 3.1 28 * Measured data of biomass size (e.g., diameter at breast height (DBH), full height, trunk height, crown diameter of trees)
29 * Basic climatic data (average temperatures and sum of precipitation, length of vegetation period)
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32 ====== **Expected Outputs** ======
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Emily West 4.1 34 * Measurement unit: tC/ha/year
35 * Quantitative
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38 ====== **Calculation methods** ======
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Emily West 4.1 40 * Self-developed equations, e.g., in the case of trees:
41 * Cbt+1 = Cbt + Kc[Gbt – Mst – Tt – Ht]
42 * where: Cbt: carbon stored in living biomass at time ‘t’ (tC/ha) Gbt: biomass growth at time ‘t’ Tt: biomass turnover at time ‘t’ Mst: tree mortality due to senescence at time ‘t’ Ht: harvest at time t’
43 * Gb = Kv * Ys
44 * where: Kv: constant to convert volume yields into dry biomass (basic wood density, in tons of dry biomass per m3 of fresh stemwood volume Ys: the volume yield of stem wood (m3ha-1yr-1) ecosystem-specific proxies
45 * Tools:
46 ** clinometer for tree height, and tape measure for crown diameter and DBH measurement
47 ** precipitation and temperature sensors for climatic data
48 ** modelling tool (i-Tree Eco, CUFR Tree Carbon Calculator)
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51 ====== **Links and references** ======
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Emily West 3.1 53 * Davies, Z.G, et al. (2011): Mapping an urban ecosystem service: quantifying above-ground carbon storage at a city-wide scale. Journal of Applied Ecology 48, 1125–1134. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02021.x
54 * Kiss, M., et al. (2015): The role of ecosystem services in climate and air quality in urban areas: Evaluating carbon sequestration and air pollution removal by street and park trees in Szeged (Hungary). Moravian Geographical Reports 23, 36-46. doi:10.1515/mgr-2015-0016 36
55 * Schröder, C., et al. (2013): Methodology proposal for estimation of carbon storage in urban green areas. EEA Research report of Task 262-5-6 "Carbon sequestration in urban green infrastructure"
56 * McPherson., G.E., van Doorn, N.S:, Peper, P.J., 2016. Urban Tree Database and Allometric Equations. General Technical Report PSW-GTR-253. USDA Forest Service, USA
57 * Russo, A., Escobedo, F.J., Timilsina, N., Schmitt, A.O., Varela, S., Zerbe, S., 2014. Assessing urban tree carbon storage and sequestration in Bolzano, Italy, International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management 10:1, 54-70, doi:10.1080/21513732.2013.873822 USDA (2015). I-Tree Eco Manual. Northern Research Station,
58 * USDA Forest Service, Website. [online] URL: http:~/~/www.itreetools.org/resources/manuals/ Eco_Manual_v5.pdf
59 * Nature4Cities, D2.1 - System of integrated multi-scale and multi thematic performance indicators for the assessment of urban challenges and NBS. https:~/~/www.nature4cities.eu/post/nature4cities-defined performance-indicators-to-assess-urban-challenges-and nature-based-solutions.
60 * Nature4Cities, D2.2 - Expert-modelling toolbox
61 * Nature4Cities, D2.3 – NBS database completed with urban performance data https:~/~/www.nature4cities.eu/post/applicability-urban-challenges and-indicators-real-case-studies
62 * Nature4Cities, D2.4 - Development of a simplified urban performance assessment (SUA) tool
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68 (% class="success" %)|(% style="width:68px" %)**Version**|(% style="width:179px" %)**Name**|(% style="width:112px" %)**Date**|(% style="width:636px" %)**Changes made**
Emily West 3.1 69 (% class="active" %)|(% style="width:68px" %)**0.1**|(% style="width:179px" %)Emily (EcoWise)|(% style="width:112px" %)12/01/2022|(% style="width:636px" %)Factsheet created
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