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Wiki source code of Valuation of NBS

Version 1.2 by Hyunji Cho on 2022/02/21 12:02
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1 = Valuation of NBS =
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4 ====== **Social challenge/ impact linked to:** ======
5 )))|Economic
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7 ====== **Level of importance** ======
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9 **1** - High Importance / must have
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12 ====== **Description** ======
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14 GI-Val is Mersey Forest's green infrastructure valuation toolkit. The current prototype is free and open-source and can be downloaded under a Creative Commons License from: https:~/~/www.merseyforest.org.uk/services/gi-val/.
15 The toolkit takes the form of a spreadsheet calculator and a user manual. There has been a great deal of research on the valuation of the benefits provided by the natural environment using a wide range of techniques. Many of these are academic and not accessible to project managers who need to be able to rely on sound data from easily accessible sources to provide a robust valuation that they can employ as justification to funders and/or developers. To enable such a valuation to be carried out, The Mersey Forest has developed GI-Val. The GI-Val toolkit calculates monetary values for the social, economic and environmental benefits provided by green infrastructure.
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17 The following fully-operational tools are currently available in the GI-Val toolkit and can, in combination, yield an overall value for implemented NBS:
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19 * Tool 1.4. Reduced peak summer temperature
20 * Tool 1.6. Reduction in carbon emissions from buildings – cooling
21 * Tool 2.1. Energy and CO2 emissions savings from reduced volume of water entering combined sewers
22 * Tool 2.2. Savings in wastewater treatment costs to domestic and commercial water customers
23 * Tool 4.2. Reduced mortality rates from increased walking and cycling
24 * Tool 4.6. Avoided costs for air pollution control measures
25 * Tool 5.1. Residential land and property uplift
26 * Tool 8.1. Volume and value of tourism related expenditure
27 * Tool 9.1. Recreational value
28 * Tool 10.1. Willingness to pay for protection or enhancement of biodiversity
29 * Tool 11.1. Employment-based GVA generated by land management
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31 An independent assessment of GI Val by the Ecosystems Knowledge Network is available from this link, along with links to other tools: https:~/~/ecosystemsknowledge.net/green-infrastructurevaluation-toolkit-gi-val.
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33 The GI-Val toolkit provides a simple framework to identify and broadly assess the benefits of proposed NBS investments and existing green assets, including direct contributions to the local economy and wider non-market returns for society and the environment.
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35 - Tool developed using English data.
36 - The toolkit remains a prototype and this means there are some green infrastructure benefits for which it cannot calculate a direct financial value. While there is a rich body of evidence that illustrates and demonstrates the different types of benefits deriving from quality green infrastructure, robust valuation techniques do not yet exist for all benefits. Therefore some valuations come with detailed caveats as they are based on limited evidence at this stage.
37 - The toolkit's calculation is designed to be useful for initial, indicative project appraisal, providing a range of figures indicating the potential impact of a green infrastructure intervention or the value of an existing green infrastructure asset. The toolkit does not assess the quality of the design or detailed management requirements of green infrastructure. It does not replace a full cost-benefit analysis, but it provides a basic valuation at a much lower cost.
38 - Valuations such as those made with a toolkit or cost-benefit analysis also need to be seen as part of a much bigger picture. The valuation should not replace community engagement and local dialogue about what is valued about a place. Calculating the economic value of green assets will always be a controversial technique and financial value should only be seen as one factor in decision-making.
39 - The reported GVA values include transfers from one organisation to another, which means that although GVA increases for the beneficiaries, it may not increase for the study area as a whole.
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42 ====== **Scale as linked to D2.2 framework** ======
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46 * City
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49 ====== **Data source and input type** ======
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51 * General information about baseline conditions and NBs interventions for the area under examination
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54 ====== **Connection with SDGs** ======
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58 * Goal 3: Good health and well-being
59 * Goal 11: Sustainable cities and communities
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62 ====== **Required Data** ======
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64 * Developing the toolkit’s next iteration will require wide and sustained collaboration. To facilitate this process, interested parties are invited to pass the toolkit to others who might be able to incorporate it into their work and to provide feedback on their experience in using the toolkit, good and bad! Sources of improved evidence Suggestions for improving the tools Ideas for new tools The consortium that led the development of this toolkit has handed over the responsibilities for co-ordinating future work to the Green Infrastructure Value Network (GIVaN). Further information on the network can be found at: www.bit.ly/givaluationtoolkit
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67 ====== **Expected Outputs** ======
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72 ====== **Calculation methods** ======
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74 * The toolkit provides a set of calculator tools, to help assess an existing green asset or proposed green investment. They are organised under eleven key benefits of green infrastructure:
75 * The toolkit looks at how the range of green infrastructure benefits derived from an asset or investment can be shown:
76 ** in monetary terms – applying economic valuation techniques where possible
77 ** quantitatively – for example with reference to jobs, hectares of land, visitors
78 ** qualitatively – referencing case studies or important research where there appears to be a link between green infrastructure and economic, social or environmental benefit but where the scientific basis for quantification and/or monetisation is not yet sufficiently robust.
79 * The toolkit uses standard valuation techniques to assess the potential benefits provided by green infrastructure within a defined project area. These benefits are assessed in terms of the functions that the green infrastructure may perform, support or encourage, depending upon the type of project.
80 Once data are entered into the toolkit, financial values are generated for many NBS benefits. The toolkit identifies the marginal benefit and the additional value of the green infrastructure/NBS. Coded algorithms ensure that there is no 'double counting' of component values.
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83 ====== **Level of expertise required** ======
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85 * Technical / Expert
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88 ====== **Links and references** ======
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90 * URBAN GreenUP Deliverable D5.3: City Diagnosis and Monitoring Procedures [[https:~~/~~/www.urbangreenup.eu/insights/deliverables/d5-3-city-diagnosis-and-monitoring-procedures.kl>>https://www.urbangreenup.eu/insights/deliverables/d5-3-city-diagnosis-and-monitoring-procedures.kl]] [[http:~~/~~/www.merseyforest.org.uk/services/gi-val/>>http://www.merseyforest.org.uk/services/gi-val/]]
91 * Nowak, McPherson and Rowntree, Chicago’s urban forest ecosystem: results of the Chicago urban forest climate project, USDA,1994
92 * Air Pollution in the UK 2015. https:~/~/ukair. defra.gov.uk/library/annualreport/index
93 * Bottalico, F., Chirici, G., Giannetti, F., De Marco, A., Nocentini, S., Paoletti, E., Salbitano, F., Sanesi, G., Serenelli, C., Travaglini, D., 2016. Air pollution removal by green infrastructures and urban forests in the city of Florence. Agric. Agric. Sci. Procedia 8, 243–251. doi:10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.099.
94 * SDG indicator 3.9.1 [[https:~~/~~/unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/files/Metadata-03-09-01.pdf>>https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/files/Metadata-03-09-01.pdf]]
95 * SDG indicator 11.6.2.https:~/~/unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/files/Metadata-11-06-02.pdf
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98 Revisions
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100 |**Version**|**Name**|**Date**|**Changes made**
101 |**0.1**|Hyunji (EcoWise)|21/02/2022|Factsheet created
102 | | | |