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1 -4.1.1 - LDEN – Day-evening-night noise level
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1 -5\. Metrics and KPIs.Metric and Key Performance Indicators.WebHome
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1 -= 4.1.1 - LDEN – Day-evening-night noise level =
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5 -|=(% style="width: 79px;" %)Topic|=(% style="width: 139px;" %)Urban challenges|=(% style="width: 666px;" %)Sub-challenges
6 -|(% style="width:79px" %)Social|(% style="width:139px" %)4 - Public Health and Wellbeing|(% style="width:666px" %)4.1 Acoustics
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10 -====== **Description** ======
11 -)))|(% style="width:730px" %)The LDEN is an acoustic indicator for sound environment. LDEN is expressed in dB(A) because it is based on a combination of equivalent sound pressure levels Leq,T (energetic summation through logarithmic law), calculated with the A ponderation on 3 periods (day, evening, night), depending on the sound source emission (i.e. road traffic conditions). Thus LDEN is a daily equivalent sound pressure level (T=00h-24h), with a 0dB(A) penalty increase for the Day period (T=6h-18h), a 5dB(A) penalty increase for the Evening period (T=18h-22h) and a 10dB(A) penalty increase for the Night period (T=22h-6h)
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13 -===== **Scale as linked to D2.2 framework** =====
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15 -* City
16 -* Neighborhood
17 -* Street
18 -* Household
19 -* Object
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22 -====== **Data source [ link to data framework]** ======
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24 -* Georeferenced data for built-up area: data from OPEN STREET MAP (OSM)
25 -* Road traffic counts: data from district, city or regional agencies
26 -* NBS data: qualitative information given by N4C consortium (when different scenarios will be available by other WPs and when additional functionalities will be integrated in numerical software)
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29 -====== **Needs** ======
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31 -* Georeferenced data for built-up area
32 -* Road traffic counts
33 -* NBS data
34 -* Required tool:
35 -* Measured LDEN (in situ measurements): integrating sonometer, either professional, low-cost or even smartphone [[http:~~/~~/noise-planet.org/noisecapture.html>>http://noise-planet.org/noisecapture.html]]
36 -* Simulated LDEN (numerical predictions): noise prediction software, e.g. open-source tool “NoiseModelling” http:~/~/noise-planet.org/noisemodelling.html
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39 -====== **Expected Outputs** ======
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41 -* quantitative
42 -* units: decibels with A ponderation: “dB(A)”
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45 -====== **Calculation methods** ======
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47 -[[image:1641470704668-864.png]]
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50 -====== **Links and references** ======
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53 -* Armon, R., et O. hanninen. 2015. Environmental Indicators. Springer.
54 -* Aumond, Pierre, Arnaud Can, Bert De Coensel, Dick Botteldooren, Carlos Ribeiro, et Catherine Lavandier. 2017. « Modeling Soundscape Pleasantness Using perceptual Assessments and Acoustic Measurements Along Paths in Urban Context ». Acta Acustica united with Acustica 103 (3): 430‑43. doi:10.3813/AAA.919073.
55 -* Axelsson, Östen, Mats E. Nilsson, et Birgitta Berglund. 2010. « A principal components model of soundscape perception ». The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 128 (5): 2836‑46. doi:10.1121/1.3493436.
56 -* Bowles, A., et B. Schulte-Fortkamp. 2008. « Noise as an indicator of quality of life: advances in measurement of noise and noise effects on humans and animals in the environment ». Acoustics Today 4 (2): 35‑49
57 -* Brambilla, G., L. Maffei, M. Di Gabriele, et V. Gallo. 2013. « Merging physical parameters and laboratory subjective ratings for the soundscape assessment of urban squares ». J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 134 (1): 782‑90
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59 -* Brooks, B.M., B. Schulte-Fortkamp, K.S. Voigt, et A.U. Case. 2014. « Exploring our sonic environment through soundscape research and theory ». Acoustics Today 10 (1): 30‑40
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63 -* Can, A., G. Guillaume, et B. Gauvreau. 2015. « Noise Indicators to Diagnose Urban Sound Environments at Multiple Spatial Scales ». Acta Acustica united with Acustica 101 (5): 964‑74. doi:10.3813/AAA.918891
64 -* Can, A., M. Rademaker, T. Van Renterghem, V. Mishra, M. Van Poppel, A. Touhafi, J. Theunis, B. De Baets, et D. Botteldooren. 2011. « Correlation analysis of noise and ultrafine particle counts in a street canyon ». Science of The Total Environment 409 (3): 564‑72. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.10.037
65 -* Davies, William J., Mags D. Adams, Neil S. Bruce, Rebecca Cain, Angus Carlyle, Peter Cusack, Deborah A. Hall, et al. 2013. « Perception of soundscapes: An interdisciplinary approach ». Applied Soundscapes: Recent Advances in Soundscape Research 74 (2): 224‑31. doi:10.1016/j.apacoust.2012.05.010
66 -* Galbrun, L., et F.M.A. Calarco. 2014. « Audio-visual interaction and perceptual assessment of water features used over road traffic noise ». J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 136 (5): 2609‑20
67 -* Guillaume, G., B. Gauvreau, et P. L’Hermite. 2015. « Numerical study of the impact of vegetation coverings on sound levels and time decays in a canyon street model ». Science of The Total Environment 502 (Supplement C): 22‑30. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.08.111
68 -* Jennings, P., et R. Cain. 2013. « A framework for improving urban soundscapes ». Appl. Acoust. 74: 293‑99
69 -* Lavandier, C., et B. Defreville. 2006. « The Contribution of Sound Source Characteristics in the Assessment of Urban Soundscapes ». Acta Acustica United with Acustica 92 (6): 912‑21
70 -* Li, H., C. Chau, et S. Tang. 2010. « Can surrounding greenery reduce noise annoyance at home ? » Science of the Total Environment 408: 4376‑84
71 -* Liu, J., J. Kang, T. Luo, H. Behm, et T. Coppack. 2013. « Spatiotemporal variability of soundscapes in a multiple functional urban area ». Landscape and Urban Planning 115: 1‑9.
72 -* Marquis-Favre, C., E. Premat, et D. Aubrée. 2005. « Noise and its Effects – A Review on Qualitative Aspects of Sound. Part II: Noise and Annoyance ». Acta Acustica united with Acustica 91 (4): 626‑42.
73 -* Marquis-Favre, C., E. Premat, D. Aubrée, et M. Vallet. 2005. « Noise and its Effects – A Review on Qualitative Aspects of Sound. Part I: Notions and Acoustic Ratings ». Acta Acustica united with Acustica 91 (4): 613‑25
74 -* Miedema, Henk M. E. 2004. « Relationship between exposure to multiple noise sources and noise annoyance ». The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 116 (2): 949‑57. doi:10.1121/1.1766305
75 -* Raimbault, M., et D. Dubois. 2005. « Urban soundscapes: Experiences and knowledge ». Cities 22 (5): 339‑50
76 -* Rychtarikova, M., et G. Vermeir. 2013. « Soundscape categorization on the basis of objective acoustical parameters ». Appl. Acoust. 74: 240‑47
77 -* Torija, A.J., et I.H. Flindell. 2014. « Differences in subjective loudness and annoyance depending on the road traffic noise spectrum ». J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 135 (1): 1‑4
78 -* Torija, A.J., et D.P. Ruiz. 2015. « A general procedure to generate models for urban environmental-noise pollution using feature selection and machine learning methods ». Science of the Total Environment 505: 680‑93
79 -* Torija, A.J., D.P. Ruiz, et A.F. Ramos-Ridao. 2013. « Application of a methodology for categorizing and differentiating urban soundscapes using acoustical descriptors and semantic-differential attributes ». J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 134 (1): 791‑802
80 -* Van Renterghem, T., J. Forssén, K. Attenborough, P. Jean, J. Defrance, M. Hornikx, et J. Kang. 2015. « Using natural means to reduce surface transport noise during propagation outdoors ». Appl. Acoust. 92: 86‑101
81 -* Viollon, S., C. Lavandier, et C. Drake. 2002. « Influence of Visual Setting on Sound Ratings in an Urban Environment ». Appl. Acoust. 63 (5): 493‑511. doi:10.1016/S0003-682X(01)00053-6
82 -* Watts, G., L. Chinn, et N. Godfrey. 1999. « The effects of vegetation on the perception of traffic noise ». Appl. Acoust. 56 (1): 39‑56.
83 -* Wilson, D.K., N. Wayant, E.T. Nykaza, C.L. Pettit, et C.M. Armstrong. 2015. « Hierarchical modeling approach to community noise annoyance ». J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 138 (3): 1731‑1731
84 -* Yang, F., Z. Bao, et Z. Zhu. 2011. « An assessment of psychological noise reduction by landscape plants ». Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 8: 1032‑48
85 -* Yu, L., et J. Kang. 2010. « Factors influencing the sound preference in urban open space ». Appl. Acoust. 71: 622‑33
86 -* Zhang, B., L. Shi, et G. Di. 2003. « The influence of the visibility of the source on the subjective annoyance due to its noise ». Appl. Acoust. 64 (4): 1205‑15
87 -* http:~/~/noise-planet.org/noisecapture.html
88 -* http:~/~/noise-planet.org/noisemodelling.html
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