Social challenge/ impact linked to:

Level of importance

1 - High Importance / must have

Description

Perceived control is the belief in our ability to successfully influence the environment, and it plays a large role in how people actually interact with their environment (Wang et al. 2021). Psychologically, there are benefits to being able to exert control on one's environment and so individuals are biased towards behaviours that give them an enhanced perception of control (Wang et al. 2021). However, evidence suggests that when multiple people all try to exert control this can lead to sustainable outcomes being hampered (Wamsler et al. 2020) and as such citizen control must be allocated in a structured, targeted way to balance involvement of 6+1 groups with effective governance. 

Another study which measures participation in relation to disaster risk management, finds that the symbolic meaning of participation is more important than actual participation for satisfaction scores (Kweit & Kweit, 2007).

Scale as linked to D2.2 framework

• City
• Neighborhood 
• Project Area

Data source and input type

• Survey

Connection with SDGs

• Goal 16: Peace, justice and strong institutions

Required Data

• Survey questions:
  • On a scale of 1-5, how much control do you feel you have had over the NBS solutions being implemented?

Expected Outputs

• 1 represents no control at all, 5 represents complete control. 

Calculation methods

• Survey results

Level of expertise required

• Basic

Links and references

• Wang, K.S., Yang, Y.Y. and Delgado, M.R., 2021. How perception of control shapes decision making. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 41, pp.85-91.
• Wamsler, C., Alkan-Olsson, J., Björn, H., Falck, H., Hanson, H., Oskarsson, T., Simonsson, E. and Zelmerlow, F., 2020. Beyond participation: when citizen engagement leads to undesirable outcomes for nature-based solutions and climate change adaptation. Climatic Change, 158(2), pp.235-254.
• Kwei, M.G. and Kweit, R.W. 2007. Participation, Perception of Participation, and Citizen Support. American Politics Research, 35(3), pp. 407-425.