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Last modified by Hyunji Cho on 2022/05/23 12:40
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Hyunji Cho 4.1 1 = 2.3.6 Carbon sequestration in vegetation =
Hyunji Cho 1.1 2
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4 ====== **Description** ======
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6 Total carbon removed or stored.
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8 Accounting for C stored in soil and vegetation in an urban area can indicate the condition of natural green spaces, total free surface area and total quantity of vegetation in the area examined. Measures of C storage and sequestration also provide a tangible connection to climate change mitigation, and the impacts of local land use, planning and management decision-making. It is important to note the substantial variation in C sequestration and storage capacity of different types of NBS
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11 ====== **Scale as linked to D2.2 framework** ======
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Hyunji Cho 2.1 13
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Hyunji Cho 3.1 15 * Project area
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18 ====== **Data source [ link to data framework]** ======
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20 * CORINE landcover information or similar local dataset (2.2.4)
Hyunji Cho 3.1 21 * Data need to be collected manually by the project personnel.
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24 ====== **Data needs** ======
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Hyunji Cho 4.1 26 In DivAirCity the CO2 absorption is associated to the NBS intervention involving increasing urban vegetation. This can be either trees, bushes planted in specific area of the city or also as green roofs.
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28 The CO2 absorption capacity of a plant depends on the biomass increase in a certain temporal range. The increase in plant biomass depends on intrinsic characteristics of the plants that determine the specific growth rate, such us the photosynthesis rate and the plant form and architecture. The CO2 absorbed by a plant is calculated starting from the plant fresh weight taking into consideration the percentage of water, the proportion between above and below ground biomass and the Carbon content of plants. To allow these evaluations, the following data are needed:
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30 * For trees, at least trunk diameter at breast height and tree height
31 * For bushes and other type of vegetation, the canopy volume
32 * Expected CO2 sequestration potential of each new species planted at maturity
33 * Expected time taken for each new species to reach maturity
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35 When the Carbon absorbed value is obtained for one plant, to upscale to the whole NBS intervention area, data about the total amount of plants should be considered. This can be evaluated according to the type of interventions as:
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37 * New green space (m^^2^^) after interventions
38 * Tree cover after interventions
39 * Ratio evergreen to deciduous of trees used for the interventions
40 * Total area of green roofs after the intervention including:
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42 * area of intensive green roofs
43 * area of semi-intensive green roofs
44 * area of extensive green roofs
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46 To be able to measure the difference in CO2 absorbed by vegetation following the NBS intervention, the CO2 absorbed by the vegetation before and after the intervention is needed.
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48 * Pre-existing area of greenspace enhanced by the DivAirCity intervention
Hyunji Cho 2.1 49 * Ratio of evergreen to deciduous new trees before intervention
50 * Ratio of evergreen to deciduous new trees after intervention
51 * Mean canopy cover percentage for all forested pixels in the region
52 * Mean canopy cover percentage for all non-forest pixels in region
53 * Area sum of all non-forest pixels in region
Hyunji Cho 4.1 54
55 The potential CO2 sequestration depends on the maturity time of the vegetation used in the intervention. When the future Carbon sequestration is envisaged, the use of models to forecast the growth rate (also in association to forecasted future climate change). For tree species, models such as Yield-safe, can be used to perform this kind of projections.
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58 ====== **Expected Outputs** ======
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60 * Measured as per unit area per unit time
61 * tonnes/ha/y or similar unit
Hyunji Cho 2.1 62 * Annual data collection or before (baseline) and after the intervention
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65 ====== **Calculation methods** ======
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67 To evaluate C removal or storage per unit area per unit time:
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69 * Determine C storage in vegetation or soil as described in Carbon storage and sequestration in vegetation or Carbon storage and sequestration in soil indicators, respectively, for the same area at two different points in time
70 * Divide each C storage value obtained by the area assessed to determine C storage per unit area
71 * Subtract the earlier value obtained for C storage and sequestration/unit area from the more recent value, then divide by the length of time between measures to obtain an estimate of C removal or storage per unit area per unit time.
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73 The growth rate of a forest has significant impact on its C storage potential. Forest C sequestration (FCS) is usually estimated as a function of forest area, forest type, and forest age:
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75 (% aria-label="1641934636176-732.png image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:https://divairwiki.eco-wise.co.uk/bin/download/5.%20Metrics%20and%20KPIs/5.3%3A%20External%20References%20-%20EU%20independent%20Expert%20Report/1.1%20Carbon%20Removed%20or%20Stored%20in%20Vegetation%20or%20Soil/WebHome/1641934636176-732.png?width=311&height=205&rev=1.1||alt="1641934636176-732.png" data-widget="image" height="205" width="311"]]
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78 ====== **Links and references** ======
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80 * Smith, J.E., Heath, L.S., Skog, K.E., & Birdsey, R.A. (2006). Methods for Calculating Forest Ecosystem and Harvested Carbon with Standard Estimates for Forest Types of the United States. USDA Forest Service Report GTR-NE-343. Newtown Square, PA: Northeastern Research Station, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service.
81 * Zheng, D., Ducey, M.J. & Heath, L.S. (2013). Assessing net carbon sequestration on urban and community forests of northern New England, USA. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 12, 61- 68.
82 * Zheng, D., Heath, L.S., Ducey, M.J. & Smith, J.E. (2011). Carbon changes in conterminous US forests associated with growth and major disturbances: 1992–2001. Environmental Research Letters, 6, 014012.
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85 Revisions
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87 |**Version**|**Name**|**Date**|**Changes made**
88 |**0.1**|Emily (EcoWise)|11/01/2022|Indicator factsheet created
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